China
China is located in East Asia long the coastline of the Pacific Ocean. It is the world’s 3rd largest country and is surrounded by 14 other countries at its borders.
China is located in East Asia long the coastline of the Pacific Ocean. It is the world’s 3rd largest country and is surrounded by 14 other countries at its borders.
Overview
Official Name
People’s Republic of China
Capital
Beijing
Independence Day
1 October 1949
Population, Territory and Currency
Population & total area
1,410,539,758 (2022 est.)
9,596,960 square km
Source: CIA World Factbook
Currency
Chinese Yuan Renminbi (CNY)
Average price per meal: SGD 6.40
Demographics
Male-Female: 51%-49%
Urban population: 63.6%
Youth aged 15-24 years: 11.48%
Source: CIA World Factbook (2022)
The Flag
The flag of China has a red field with 5 golden stars. The red represents the Chinese Communist Revolution. The large star stands for the Chinese Communist Party while the 4 smaller stars that surround it symbolize the 4 social classes (working class, peasantry, urban petite bourgeoisie and the national bourgeoisie).
Key Historical Events
221BC
Emperor Qin is the first to unite China under a centralised state.
1839-42
First Opium War with the British.
1912
The fall of the Qing Empire, China becomes a republic under Sun Yat-sen.
1937-45
Japanese invasion of China.
1949
The Communist Revolution under Mao Ze Dong. Founding of the People’s Republic of China.
1966-67
“Cultural Revolution”, a period of massive social, economic and political upheaval.
1989
Tiananmen Square protests.
2011
China proclaimed as the second-largest world economy.
Economic Profile
Since the economy transitioned from a centrally planned system to a more market-oriented economy in 1978, China has seen rapid economic growth with its GDP growth averaging 6%-9% per year. Today, it is the second- largest economy in the world and is increasingly playing an influential role in the global economy. Following the negative impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, China has rebounded with a 8.1% GDP growth year-on-year in 2021.
SG X CN
Bilateral economic ties between Singapore and China have strengthened over the years since 1990. In 2021, Singapore’s largest trading partner was China, and China was the top destination for Singapore’s direct investments. Joint economic ventures between both countries continue to develop on both the bilateral and multilateral fronts, with ongoing partnerships such as the China-Singapore Free Trade Agreement (CSFTA), ASEAN-China Free Trade Area (ACFTA), and Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP).
Key Industries
Manufacturing
One of China’s biggest industry accounting for more than 25% of its GDP. Its output equivalent to nearly 30% of global production in 2021.
Technology and Innovation
Home to more than 150 unicorns , China is viewed as one of the most promising markets in the world for technology innovation in the fields of AI, deep tech and robotics. In addition, the Chinese government has been launching initiatives to support entrepreneurship and innovation.
E-commerce
With a population of 1.4 billion and a growing middle-class demand for retail goods, revenue for e-commerce is expected to increase to USD 2.1 trillion over the next five years. Some of the companies that hold the greatest market share in China include household names such as Alibaba and JD.com.
Up-and-Coming
Green Economy: China has pledged to peak its emissions by 2030 and reach carbon neutrality before 2060. To facilitate its transition towards a low carbon economy, great emphasis has been put on the development of renewable energy. China also looks to implement major demonstration projects for the industrialisation of energy-saving and low-carbon technologies.
Places of Interest
Great Wall of China
Chang Cheng = Long wall
A stone & earth fortification created to protect the borders of the Chinese. It is a succession of multiple walls spanning 13,171 miles, making it the world’s longest manmade structure.
Forbidden City
Palace complex
Located in central Beijing, it houses the Palace Museum and consists of 980 buildings. It was the former Chinese imperial palace as well as the residence of the Chinese emperors.
Local Food
Peking Duck
China’s national dish, characterized by its thin and crispy skin. Served with pancakes, sweet bean sauce and cucumber.
Dumplings
The most famous traditional food comprises of pieces of dough wrapped around a filling. They can be fried, baked, boiled or steamed.
Spring Roll
Especially popular in south China, it is a wheaten crust wrapped with minced pork/beef/mutton filling and deep fried till golden.
Major Festivals
Chinese New Year
Chinese New Year, also known as Spring Festival or Lunar New Year, is the grandest festival in China, marked by a 7-day public holiday. The celebrations typically last for 2 weeks, from Chinese New Year’s Eve to the Lantern Festival (Yuan Xiao Jie) on the 15th day.
Winter Solstice
Winter solstice marks the shortest day of the year before the gradual increase in daylight hours. Taking place in late-December, this festival celebrates the return of the sun. Celebratory food include dumplings which are most popular in northern China, and glutinous rice balls which are favoured in the south.
